Sometimes, commands are also referred as “programs” since whenever you run a command, it’s the corresponding program code, written for the command, which is being executed.

Linux Command List

CommandDescription
lsLists all files and directories in the present working directory
ls – RLists files in sub-directories as well
ls – aLists hidden files as well
ls – alLists files and directories with detailed information like permissions, size, owner, etc.
cat > filenameCreates a new file
cat filenameDisplays the file content
cat file1 file2 > file3Joins two files (file1, file2) and stores the output in a new file (file3)
mv  file “new file path”Moves the files to the new location
mv filename new_file_nameRenames the file to a new filename
sudoAllows regular users to run programs with the security privileges of the superuser or root
rm filenameDeletes a file
manGives help information on a command
historyGives a list of all past basic Linux commands list typed in the current terminal session
clearClears the terminal
mkdir directorynameCreates a new directory in the present working directory or a at the specified path
rmdirDeletes a directory
mvRenames a directory
pr -xDivides the file into x columns
pr -hAssigns a header to the file
pr -nDenotes the file with Line Numbers
lp -nc
lpr c
Prints “c” copies of the File
lp -d lpr -PSpecifies name of the printer
apt-getCommand used to install and update packages
mail -s ‘subject’ -c ‘cc-address’ -b ‘bcc-address’ ‘to-address’Command to send email
mail -s “Subject” to-address < FilenameCommand to send email with attachment

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